刮痧

中国人主张“没有规矩，不成方圆”。

中国人自称自己是礼仪之邦。

其实礼仪，无外乎规矩，哪里没有？

只是某些礼仪或者规矩，于一个民族来说，是天经地义的，在另一个民族眼里，却不可理喻了。

人前教子背后教妻、打是亲骂是爱、家和万事兴。

许大同带着这许多的中国规矩来到美国，寻求一种公平竞争。

在竞争中，他成功了，如愿以偿，家庭幸福事业有成。

他站在领奖台上对美国人说：我是你们中的一员，我爱美国，这里是我的家，我实现了美国梦。

然而一转身，许大同却因为深夜里把儿子独自一个人留在家里，并且摔伤送进医院，又阴差阳错地被发现孩子背上爷爷刮痧留下的瘀痕而遭到美国儿童福利院起诉，怀疑他存在严重家庭暴力虐待儿童。

在多次与儿童福利院的法庭辩论中，许大同与代表美国规矩的儿童福利院陷入僵局。

他们各自上演自己的闹剧，一方拼命攻击，一方歇斯底里。

他们根本无法交流。

中国人最传统最民间的家庭治伤法“刮痧”，在国美人眼里简直不可思议。

他们需要科学的解释和准确的证据。

而许大同之前对孩子的武力管教替父受过爱妻弃胎，甚至根据中国神话英雄孙悟空设计出来的游戏，居然都成了呈堂证供。

包括他最信任的朋友兼上司昆兰，都成了控方的证人。

许大同觉得这帮洋鬼子才真是不可理喻。

他扔下一句“道不同不想为谋”忿然辞职。

为了能让儿子回家，妻子违心与他分居，父亲内疚回国。

许大同陷入了绝望的境地。

他表面暴跳如雷，固执已见，内心却在深深长叹：美国居，大不易啊。

他痛哭，他呐喊。

他忘了他已是“美国人中的一员”，也忘记了他的儿子只会说英语。

他想回到愿意承认他的感情他的观念的中国。

但是他是负罪在身，为了证明他的清白与正直，他必须留在美国等待宣叛。

为了能在圣诞夜给儿子送礼物，许大同悲壮地从室外爬水管到9楼自家的窗外。

然而正在他险些失足坠楼的时候，昆兰和福利院女主管带着法院的解禁令拯救了许大同。

而这个结局是昆兰以自身作为实验品到华人街请中医为他刮痧，证实了确实是种家庭疗法而非暴力。

掌声，礼物，泪水，理解，感动，大团圆结局。

尽管如此，整部电影的基调却是凝重、阴沉的。

美国人是理性的，中国人是感性的。

当我们无法让别人承认自己的时候，常常会以表达自己感情的方式试图打动别人。

法律无外乎人情，美国人也并不一概那么机械那么无情，他们的法律也一样在乎人情，但最终还得事实说话。

电影虽然为我们展现了这个事实，但内里的情绪却无时无处不在渲染一种“背井离乡”“寄人篱下”的悲怆与凄凉。

这便是中国人极度自卑导致的极度自尊。

《刮痧》绝对是一部值得一看的电影。

倒不是说这电影有多么好，其实各方面表现平平，还有扮可怜博同情赚眼泪的嫌疑。

But，这电影跨越了了海外华人在物质生存上的挣扎，进入一个文化差异层面的反思，给观众一个警示：大多数向往国外的人，并不在于那里优越的物质环境，而于那里优良的竞争环境。

请注意，西方的人文环境，有时会公平得豪无人情。

好在这个世界越来越兼容了，但是，兼容的程度与文明发展的速度是成正比。

所以希望别人兼容我们的同时，我们也得学会兼容别人。

我们的礼仪里，包括了“入乡随俗”这一条。

I love you I love my wife I love my son初看名字，以为是伦理片，刮痧，中国一门医学上传统的手艺，在两千多年的历史长河里，一直稳稳健健地在中国大地上繁衍生息，然而有一天，它出现在自由民主的美国社会中，便被人误解，以至于上演了一场家庭的悲欢离合，可喜的是梁家辉将父亲角色演绎的动人心弦，蒋雯丽也以一贯的荧幕形象几乎是本色出演，很准确的把握了作为妻子的恨、爱、心碎与心疼，只是在母亲的角色上稍稍淡化了些。

当不得不以分居为条件来换回孩子时，妻子毅然“恶狠狠”地转身“I agree!”当事情逼迫地不得不真的要丈夫离开时，妻子心疼地抱着丈夫不忍心丈夫一个人生活。

从丈夫在法庭上被敌人激怒地掉进了别人的圈套开始，妻子的气愤到后来的疯狂最后的心灰，像是个妻子对丈夫地无奈～因为她知道，丈夫的任何表现都会让孩子离自己越来越远。

梁家辉在里面是个可以把自己割裂开来只要孩子回到自己的身边的父亲，而淡化了丈夫的角色，跟随着事情地进展，电影一步一步推向高潮，在法庭上被’敌人’逼得控制不住情绪，为别人指责他是个不负责任的父亲而气愤，为别人亵渎中国的传统文化而愤慨！

事情向不利的方向进展，他怪自己的朋友，恨美国的不兼容！

在美国生活的8年里，遇到了多少困难与艰辛，多少不易与挫折，他忍受了，坚持了，但是这一次，他再也无法妥协，他站起来抵抗！

站起来作战！

因为他们夺去的是自己的孩子，自己的骨肉！

所以他的不理智行为我们都是可以理解的。

影片有个几个亮点，其中之一便是父亲载着孩子在马路上和警察追逐，与其说追逐，不如说是为了孩子，孩子什么都不懂，他觉得好玩，所以父亲可以什么都不在乎，忘却一切地满足孩子的快乐！

只是车终究要停下来，他们的家庭要面对的噩梦依然存在。

夫妻分居了，孩子终于回到了家里，只是父亲离开了，父与子不能相见，妻子去看望颓废的丈夫，一起喝烈酒，让酒精刺痛喉咙麻醉身体。

他们想呐喊想反抗可是不能，只有让所有的委屈所有的愤恨往肚子里咽。

本来父亲想带着孩子和爷爷一起逃回中国，但是爷爷坚决地说：不能这样做！

生活就是这样，什么事情都可能发生，你躲是躲不开的。

什么事情都可能发生，一语道破这个事件的玄机！

不能躲不能逃，我们对家人的爱，成为我们接受一切不幸的勇气。

因为爱，父亲打扮成圣诞老人，从下水道上爬回自己的家里。

幸好，故事有个圆满的结局。

没有让人失望与遗憾。

这部电影以中西方的文化差异为背景，除了表现父子夫妻之间的不容割裂的爱之外，还让人看到了中国人的骨气，也是一个成功之处。

When a member of one culture produces a message for consumption by a member of another culture, intercultural communication occurs, which is a kind of communication between people whose cultural perceptions and symbol systems are distinctive enough to alter the communication event. People are alike and different. We carry our culture with us wherever we go, and it influences how we respond to the people we meet.The leading man in the movie Gua Sha Treatment has been in America for eight years as a new immigrant. At the beginning of this movie, the man, Datong addressed a speech in American way to show his love to America and American dream. It seemed that he has gained great success in the American mainstream society. Yet it was just an exaggeration of his success when used to make the comparison with the ensuing events. Datong and his wife were born and raised in China, while their son was a Chinese American. They taught their son in American way and spoke English all the time. In the celebration, we can find Datong was praised and encouraged by his boss, who can be taken as a representative of the mainstream business. At the party, because of the quarrel between the two children, the son, Dennis was beaten by his father, which is just a very common action in Chinese culture. The grandfather of Dennis also admitted the way of education. Because the other boy is the son of his boss, Datong gave his son a lesson to show his respect to the boss, who can not understand it at all. The boss was shocked and accepted it temporarily. In American culture, individualism is the key point of American cultural pattern, even between the father and the son. But in Chinese cultural pattern, fathers have the right or responsibility to educate the sons, no matter in a legal way or his personal way. We tend to take it as family privacy, instead of family violence or child abuse. In traditional Chinese culture, family conflict is often solved between family members and it’s a shame to spread family conflict outside of the house, while in America, the law and regulations make the difference.There was a very plain role in this movie, Lao Huo, the man who acted terra-cotta warrior, which was a loser in pursuing American dream compared with Datong. There were only the daily life and death of Lao Huo in this movie, which reflected the pursuit and struggling of an ordinary person in America. The death of him made the father of Datong think a lot, which was a clue to tell us the old man will return to China finally. According to the two different results of pursuing American dream, two different result of cultural conflict revealed.After the Gua Sha treatment rendered by the grandfather, Datong and his wife accepted it because of their Chinese culture background and the previous experience. It’s natural for the couple to keep the accident of child abuse secret to their father. And Datong confessed it was he who gave the treatment to the child, although his wife showed a little reluctance and hesitance. Actually his father gave the Gua Sha treatment to the son. There was an obvious culture difference in the episode. Chinese people behave on the basis of experience, while American act with the reference to the specific evidence. It’s praiseworthy for Datong to be a scapegoat for his father. In Chinese traditional culture, the law is important but sometimes affection counts. It’s dutiful and responsible to reduce the pains of parents both in China and America. If Datong admitted his father gave the treatment to the child and his to father will be accused by the court. Although it’s lawful, it’s unfilial in Chinese culture, which is an unforgivable fault.Chinese view on interpersonal relationship network has been illustrated richly in this movie. When Datong needed a lawyer to help him, he sought help of his friend, who is actually not a lawyer of family law, but copyright law. Because of the lack of legal knowledge and the good relationship between them, Datong insisted on his help. Before the hearing commenced, Datong’s wife asked why the court was not the same as she saw before on TV. The tiny episode accounted for the difference between the judicial systems. Because Datong was in trouble, he turned to his friend for help, regardless of his professional field. Chinese weak legal consciousness was also criticized and satirized in this movie and Datong’s family became victims of culture shock. Although Gua Sha treatment is common and effective in China, we never tried to understand how it worked. We learned our culture from folk tales, mass media, and education. Culture is transmitted from generation to generation, so we never question the therapy. Everyone is a product of his own culture, it’s undoubted for American to have nothing idea about the treatment. But we can also find strong prejudice and ethnocentrism of America in the response to the case.The trial of this child abuse case could be regarded as the climax of this film. Datong’s family fights against the charge, which is an intense conflict between the Chinese and American cultures. Traditional medical treatment cannot be proved and admitted. They have no interest in proving why Gua Sha treatment is advisable but tried to prove how much the couple loves their son. The judgment and condemnation are just based on the scratch, the judge never showed a fair and sensible attitude to the medical treatment. Chinese classical book Journey to the West is considered from the negative perspective, even though the accuser knew it was wrong. The malicious and deliberated objection described American competition and materialism. The aim of the dispute is just for the victory in the court, regardless of the wicked ways. The prejudice and discrimination are two apparent obstacles in the intercultural communication. Moreover, the ethnocentrism of America was also perceivable. The judge and the accuser never showed justice to Datong’s rebuttal. Because of the ignorance of the treatment, they were very indifferent and pride to Datong’s statement. This uncooperative attitude made this event worse. It seems all of them are well-educated and civilized, but the communication problems repeatedly arose. Both of the parties held respective strong cultural background and different values, which have implemented enormous impact.Additionally, the stereotyping to Chinese or easterners are mentionable. When Datong said he hit his son to save his boss’ face, to make him feel better. The boss felt it was twisted and absurd. When Datong said it was a common sense to save his wife rather than the child, the female accuser said, your Orientals are barbarian. Stereotypes were a means of organizing our images into fixed and simple categories that we use to stand for the entire collection of people. In most distances, stereotypes are the products of limited, lazy, and misguided perceptions. In the movie, some Americans never delete their confirmation bias and tend to put Chinese to shame. Then, the failure in intercultural communication occurs. According to Hall’s high-context and low-context communication, the Asian mode of communication is often indirect and implicit, whereas western communication tends to be direct and explicit-that is, everything needs to be stated. Westerners are more prone to making very explicit statements and have little capability with nonverbal forms of expression. High-context cultures tend to be more aware of their surroundings and their environment and do not rely on verbal communication as their main information channel. According to the analysis of the movie, we can find the difference between high-context and low-context communication. At the beginning, Datong’s wife disliked the grandfather’s smoking, but she said nothing directly and opened the window. Certainly the grandfather understood it easily. On the contrary, Americans often get permission first. And if they want to show the objection, they spoke it out. But it’s not impolite and respectful to ask the elder not to do something. When Chinese show their anger, it is also implicit. Datong was very angry to his boss, because he has thought his boss would help him on this issue. Datong hoped his boss to support him, but the fact that the boss told everything straightforward, which was unfavorable to Datong. In Datong’s view, they were friends and it’s responsible for the boss to help him and he took the frankness of his boss as a kind of betrayal. He was unwilling to work there any more and planned to quit that job after no discussion with his boss. It’s normal to a Chinese man to show his anger and express their spilt relationship. From the perspective of the American, it has nothing to do with their friendship. It’s reasonable and lawful to tell the judge all the truth. They don’t show personal emotions in the business and persuaded Datong to work, which is a way to show his kindness and concern. The ending of this movie is happy and warm. The boss understood Gua Sha treatment and Datong’s family gained reunion on the important western festival. No matter in East or West, family reunion and family love are enjoyable and happy. In the end, the grandfather educated and taught his son again. It was warm and moving because we can feel the father’s love; no matter he expressed his love explicitly or implicitly. The grandfather left America because he found it was troublesome and upset for a person like him to live in the Western culture. It was a failure for an elderly like him in intercultural communication, and it was a success for the young generation in America.The last episode in the movie was the boy’s learning mandarin, which was a strong contrast to the beginning of the movie, where the boy was educated to speak English to prepare for the competition of the future. No culture is more advanced than others and cultural diversity should be advocated and protected. Human brain is an open system and supposed to appreciate the diversity.Finally, the name of the leading man in this movie, “Datong”, is also a Chinese Confucian classical term, which means great harmony. Obviously, the name was created with the implied meaning. “Datong” society is the perfect and ideal society in Confucianism, which conveyed the hope and wish of the movie producers. Although there are so many different countries, cultures, systems, races, etc, it’s a pursuit to build such kind of harmonious society without discrimination, prejudice, conflict, war…

The film "THE TREATMENT" tells us audience a series of misconceptions of xu's three generations in the United States.The film depicts the difference between Chinese and western medicine, reflecting the friction and collision caused by cultural difference actually. Our speech will analyze the cultural differences between Chinese and western cultures in three aspects: interpersonal communication, family relationship and education.Frist of all, Chinese family education focus on children's moral education. Chinese children have been taught to be children of filial piety from childhood, which is totally different with Western countries. They pay more attention to personal - based education, justice and freedom of the individuals. Children also have the right to speak with family, and their parent would respect their children. Take the movie as an example, Xu's son, Dennis has conflict with his boss's son, Paul. Actually Xu asked Dennis to apologize to him for no reason at all. When Dennis didn't listen to Xu, Xu immediately shut down his son's game player and hit Dennis in the back of head, by which Xu expected to show his respect to his boss.The second difference is the family relationship. In Chinese thinking, facing the unreasonable demands of children, parents should criticize them with a strict attitude. the relationship between huaband and wife is equal in US. American husbands will speak to wife face to face, In the film, Denis gives scraping to his grandson, who had violated the American law. In order to protect his father, Xu admits to take the responsibility of his father. In Chinese opinion, it is the basic requirement of filial piety. When the boss Quinlan learned the truth, he was very unbelievable. Westerners have more consciousness of self independence than Chinese. They believe that the individual is equal before the law.The third difference is the way of dealing with the interpersonal communication. American culture pays attention to individualism, while Chinese culture put collective interest first . In scrapping, when Jane gave birth to Denis at the hospital, Datong did not accompany her at the hospital because he had a meeting at the company. This kind of choice is understandable in China, where collectivity outweighs individuality, but is unacceptable and unforgivable in American society. And this is not only the conflict between collectivism and individualism, but also the conflict in interpersonal relationship view.In intercultural communication, empathy, sincere trust and mutual understanding are the best ways to achieve harmony. At the same time, we also notice that with the development of globalization, the cultural integration between China and the West has been strengthened and the differences between each other have been decreasing.

今天偶然翻出中学时期写的日记本，里面有一篇《刮痧》的观后感，虽然对电影已经记得不是那么清楚了，以现在的角度看来写的也是极其幼稚，但是不做修改、权且当作青春的回忆。

若有看官觉得不对也请轻喷，在信息不断发展，各国文化在不断交融的社会，文化差异的问题日益明显，在难以理解、融合中会为了冲突。

而《刮痧》中体现了十分典型的文化冲突。

故事发生在美国的一个州，有一位叫做“许大同”的华侨获得了美国某游戏设计奖，他十分高兴并觉得自己已经接近美国本土人民，应该能获得身份认同。

但在这个时候，发生了意想不到的事，这也是故事的第一个冲突——两子相争。

大同的儿子丹尼斯与大同伙伴兼上司约翰昆兰的儿子保罗起了争执甚至打了起来，在这时，大同身在美国却下意识的选择了中国的思考方式，于是为了给朋友面子，不顾及儿子的面子，也不询问原由，就打了儿子并让他给对方道歉。

不愉快的收场后，即使大同选择了给儿子道歉，但依旧秉持和灌输“打是亲骂是爱”的观念，却不曾想让孩子会错了意。

接着一天晚上，老父亲与朋友外出，朋友发病逝去，老父亲被拘留在警局，大同十分惊慌，连忙赶往，这也引出了第二个冲突——在美国，是严禁父母在孩子独自丢在家中，这会被认为是不负责任和对孩子的漠视。

而本以为自己已经彻底成为美国人的大同却忽略了这个问题，故事的帷幕进一步拉开。

妻子简宁，也是丹尼斯的亲生母亲，出于担心便打电话回家，却因此吵醒了孩子，无巧不成书，就在大同赶回家时，丹尼斯在家撞伤了脑袋。

于是，故事的最大冲突点，也是点题的开始——“刮痧”，一个古中医疗法。

当老父亲看到了孙子丹尼斯感冒后，虽然有些刻意，但是表现上是源于传统观念、出于疼爱的爷孙情就为其刮痧，却没想到刮出来的不仅是“痧”，也是麻烦，是中美文化差异的冲突，是跨文化交流中无可避免的难题，更是大同“美国梦”的结束。

因为刮痧会在背上留下红粟状颗粒或暗红色的血点，这对了解“刮痧”的人来说习以为常，对于一般中国观念的人来说也能理解，不是什么刻意伤害，只是医疗效果。

但在存在文化差异乃至对中有所歧视的美国人眼里，对于不明真相而按照美国医疗、法律的医生、律师来说——这是虐待，对孩子的伤害，不能把孩子交给大同抚养，就此隔离了他们，不断的特写和对比蒙太奇，导演在这个镜头里宣泄了对美国人的自以为是、狂妄自大的不满。

回到律师辩证会，由于大同重情义而轻事实，加上对“刮痧”的偏见。

辩论时很不愉快，对方律师百般刁难、恶意曲解以及断章取义，以此激怒大同。

对方带着霸权主义观对中国的歧视，曲解甚至污蔑中国神话英雄孙悟空的行为，一下子点燃了大同，唤起他作为中华儿女的魂，愤怒迷失了双眼，行为的莽撞也正中敌人下怀，导致二审失败。

不难看出大同对中华文化是带着不容侵犯的骨子里的观念，也是在表达文化冲突时，不能一味地莽撞草率、暴力解决，应该要冷静、和平和包容。

之后的大同心灰意冷，而妻子简宁往日累积的怒火爆发，两人争吵、分家，而又不舍、哭泣，为现实而无奈、抱怨不公，老父亲察觉到异常后求助于约翰，同时告诉大同自己想要回北京了。

约翰也前往中国了解刮痧，希望借此帮助大同。

一番周转，约翰将刮痧的真相解释给判决的证人，也帮助大同回家团圆。

故事就到这里，但是并未结束，它仍在生活中继续，因为想《刮痧》里的文化差异和霸权主义带来的冲突还有很多，我们应该更进一步地去了解它们、尊重它们、包容它们，达成共识。

不进行改变，这道裂缝将永远都在。

希望大同般歇斯底里的控诉能减少，而文化霸权注意能得到改善，唯有如此，刮出来的痧才会是不需要的排泄出来的废物，不是血淋淋的冲突。

——2016.10.24

Because He Is Chinese: Chinese Immigrants’ Struggle for the recognition of American Society—The Maze of Different Value Systems and The Disillusion of Those Outsiders’ DaydreamBrief Introduction to the Movie:Datong Xu and his wife Jian Ning have been lived in America for eight years; through struggle they have made great success in their career and with their son Dennis they live a very happy life. Xu’s father comes from China to visit his family. While there, he gives his grandson a harmless traditional Chinese medical treatment of Gua Sha, which the local authorities wrongly regard as child abuse. The family goes through a very hard time when the child is taken away by the child protection agency. Meanwhile, the Xu’s father leaves America because he finds that the living environment is really not suitable for him, as he feels that Gua Sha, which is so common in China is treated as child abuse in America. Worst of all, he cannot converse in English. Eventually, an American friend of Datong tries Gua Sha and proves that the treatment leaves painful-looking marks that are not actually harmful at all. And the end result sees that Dennis is returned home and the family is reunited.Movie Analysis: with a focus on pieces taken from the movieValue Systems deeply rooted in Different Cultures Do Make ClashesAs is shown to us, despite the fact that Datong, with his wife has been to the States for eight years, deep in his heart his root is in China and some of the most fundamental viewpoints of his are still typical Chinese style.Scene one: at the very beginning of this movie Dennis and the son of Datong’s friend Quinlan have a fight and Dennis beats the other boy, then Dennis goes to play computer games. Let’s see what Datong has done to his son: he shuts down the computer, beats his son and asks him to apologize to Quinlan’s son, an act making the Quinlan family feel confused and puzzled.Now you see, having lived in America has made Datong look like an American citizen and has gained him a good reputation as an American computer game designer; however, it fails to change his value system since he is brought up in China and mainly educated there. Family structure and their inherent relationships and obligations are a major source of cultural difference. (Xu, page 94) And differences between west and east in value systems occur, thus making the culture clashes: Quinlan never did this to his son, so he can’t understand Datong’s deed and feel quite surprised.Scene two: at the hearing Datong shows his fury and “overacts” as he witnesses someone saying something bad about Chinese culture, making people present at the court feel so astonished.As we all know, the curt is a sacred place and no one should be led by his own emotion and behave rudely to the judge, as this is an offense to sobriety of the law and the legal system. Complex as the scene may appear to be, what causes Datong’s deeds can be carefully reasoned:Here again come the cultural clashes: American culture is so different from ours that they may not be able to correctly comprehend and decode our culture; this has caused the person who has said something bad about Chinese culture at the court misperceive our culture, which is a sad truth. When somebody misunderstands your motherland, what will you do? Of course we’ll fight back and defend our country, wherever and whenever. And this, is the very answer to Datong’s deeds at the court.Cultural Conflicts and Its CausationWe should admit the fact that this is a movie full of cultural conflicts, among which the different opinions towards Gua Sha and the unhappy life of Datong’s father in America should be the most serious two. Gua Sha, along with the life experience of Datong’s father, can be taken as the two significant factors when we are studying the clue of this movie.Scene Three: Dennis is taken away from Datong’s family because of the seemingly painful-looking marks left by the treatment Gua Sha.Here the mark is taken for the testimony that Datong’s family has abused the child; however, Chinese people, as the inventor and practitioner of this traditional treatment, will never come to the conclusion that this is harmful to the patients. Unfortunately, probably no Chinese has thought of the problem that Americans don’t make sense of this treatment; and also, probably no Americans have realized that Gua Sha is not a punishment or abuse but a way to heal people’s illness.Misconceptions from both sides has jointly led to the cultural conflicts, both sides need to retrospect themselves and communicate with each other, which in the movie we can hardly see. And the movie is the reflection of the reality, though a little unwilling to accept the fact, we have no choice but to face this serious problem: lack of understanding and interaction between different cultures.Scene Four: Datong’s father, finding it extremely difficult to live in a totally different environment and feeling a sense of loneliness, finally leaves for China.The life of an old person living in a foreign country is always a heated topic to be discussed. Today I’ll focus on the conflicts part:The grandfather, symbol of the Chinese traditional culture and the Chinese past, is confronted with modern America and the contemporary American mainstream culture. It is obvious that these two differ in lots of aspects, and of course so many differences are to cause cultural conflicts, in which the Datong’s father is too weak to fight back and have no choice but to return to its own culture.What has made a Chinese old man face those cultural conflicts? The reasons are as follows: living environment, language, worldview and values, etc. And in all those elements, I think the unfamiliarity of an unacquainted culture should be the most striking one.Conclusion Part:American Dream? So Hard to Achieve for a Chinese ImmigrantDo you still remember the words said by Datong Xu at the start of the movie when he is addressing his prize-winning speech? In his speech he says that if he can keep working hard he will one day become a real, successful American, American as he has thought of is a country full of opportunities and he is the lively example, and at last he says he loves America and that’s his American Dream.Sarcastically, the start of the movie turns out to be Datong’s peak, and then both his career and his life have become worse and worse. It is certain that the family is reunited and things begin to become better, but you can’t deny the fact that Datong’s American Dream is actually ruined and disillusioned, maybe through time he will soon “recover”, but the pain left by the tragic memory of this incident is sure to last long.In his famous novel The Great Gatsby Fitzgerald wrote the famous sentence: So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past (Fitzgerald, page 224). American Dream is far away from those immigrants, the famous Chinese writer Zhu Ziqing has once said: “but the happiness is theirs, I have nothing.” And this theory can also be adapted here: the American dream is American’s, they immigrants have nothing. Even Americans themselves can’t easily realize their dream, how about immigrants?And what has made this? Of course the difference of culture and value systems! To solve this problem, we still have a long way to go.The name Datong means great harmony, I guess it is not only the ultimate goal of the director but also the ultimate goal of people all around the world. It comes as no surprise that it is of vital importance to realize this goal, but there still exist a great number of obstacles, especially in the aspect of culture and communication. What should we do? Just keep walking, keep fighting and trying hard to build bridges between different cultures and help them understand each other to fulfill our dreams. If one day the great harmony arrives, the world will take on a new look and the earth will make a true global village.

写在前面：这是我跨文化交际课的作业，当案例分析看吧。

影片《刮痧》向我们展示了华人在美国由于法律制度和社会习惯等的不同而产生的一系列冲突。

这种冲突可以称作中国式与美国式的冲突，以下是我观看完影片后的一点感受。

可以说，整部电影的戏剧冲突都是由于剧中人物由于跨文化交际里的冲突而产生的。

整部电影如同一部放大镜，将中美文化差异上的冲突呈现给观众。

中国和美国两大文明在历史、宗教、社会组织和语言上的不同密切地影响着整部电影角色的跨文化交际过程。

影片里的男主角许大同只身闯美，将自己置身于以欧洲裔中产阶级男性白人所代表的美国文化之中，在美国的众多群体里面，亚裔群体的亚文化地位在美国社会里面往往处于弱势地位，这一点也为影片中许大同因为找不到官方承认的医生为刮痧的合理性做出证明而导致官司的败诉埋下了伏笔。

影片在这里也反映出了剧中人物并没有重视所有文化群体的平等性。

影片中由于跨文化交际所引起的语言、交际风格、非语言行为、思维模式、社会准则和价值观等方面的差异也均有体现。

在法庭上，许大同尝试自己向法官解释刮痧疗法的原理，但是他的语言里所用的“气”“丹田”“五脏六腑”等中医术语在那个时候并不为美国人所接受，但是这些词语在中国人看来却是习以为常。

在中国人的认知体系里面这些词语不能说是通达谙练，但至少也是略有耳闻。

许大同一直坚持刮痧只不过是传统中医疗法，他一直在说这是中国的什么什么，但他没有想过在中国合法合理的事情在美国就不见得合法合理了，而他现在就是在美国。

在交际风格上，从小就受到美式文化教育的丹尼斯毫不顾忌的就给朋友说“我爷爷放屁特别响”，这一点在中国文化里面被视为是对长辈的不尊重。

中国人对于长辈的尊重也能在影片里由许大同对父亲的报喜不报忧表现了出来。

对于自己开发的游戏获奖，他特意把父亲从中国接来见证，但是对于丹尼斯因为刮痧的痕迹而导致儿童福利局怀疑大同虐待丹丹，要把丹丹带走，还导致这一家深陷法律纠纷的事却只字不提。

在思维模式方面，中国人认为请自己的熟人帮忙是一件习以为常的事情，自己的朋友遇到自己深陷纠纷也应该帮着自己说话。

而在美国，人们选择帮自己办事情的人的标准是他的职业素质，美国人考虑他有没有能力把这件事做好，是不是这方面的专家，而不是首先考虑是不是自己的熟人。

影片一开始许大同当着老板的面打了丹尼斯也是影片里中美文化差异在教育小孩这一方面的表现，当许大同给老板说这是给他面子，老板却觉得这套逻辑是不可理喻的。

在其它方面，影片一开场就有一群人因为反对电子游戏暴力化而上街游行，在西方国家人们可以为了任何事情上街游行，只是因为“宪法规定的那一套言论自由”。

在美国把孩子独自留在家里是违法的，但是在中国这种事情在很多地方是习以为常。

这部影片表现了两种不同的文化，许大同的观念方法代表着中国的文化，美国律师等人代表着西方的文化，它们在传播过程中发生的矛盾冲突。

但是跨文化交际是一种挑战，更是一种收获，因为跨文化交际中充满了误解，失败是冲突，所以成功的跨文化交际并不是件容易的事情，但是矿化交际又是一种能给人带来深刻变化的活动，跨文化交际的经历使人们具有更开阔的视野，更丰富的阅历，更成熟的性格，更复杂的思维，更宽容的态度。

我们可以通过跨文化交际，更加深刻地感受到世界上存在着不同的人生，并且学会理解和欣赏这种文化上的差异。

【原谅我的超长定语】 （～￣▽￣～）十多年了，一直想看，却今天才真正去看。

没有辜负这些年的期待，是一部好片子。

个人感觉本片突出中美文化差异，主要表现在男主角身上，许大同虽然留美8年，一口流利的英语（虽然听起来发音不标准，但是丝毫不影响沟通），还有标准的美国生活和工作圈子。

但是他和父亲、儿子之前的关系处理起来，还是像一个传统的中国人，这与他开头获奖时候说他成为一个美国人，其实是恰恰相反的。

美国人有美国人之爱，中国人有中国人之爱。

爱的方式大相径庭，但是没有绝对的哪种好，哪种坏。

他们只是两种不同方式的爱，但是，源头，都是爱。

我很喜欢剧中一句台词，男主许大同，在把老爷子送到机场时候，老爷子说“生活就是这样，什么事情都可能发生，你躲是躲不开的”。

其实很平实的一句话，但也道出了老爷子一辈子领悟出的人生的真谛。

无论你是接受的哪里的文化，终究，做一个勇敢的人，敢于面对人生，才是真实的人生。

作为一部讲述中美文化的片子的确可以鲜明的看到中美的文化差异，但不得不提的是，编剧太烂。

一切的剧情安排都是为了剧情而剧情，能在美国混的那么好的大同怎么样也应该是作为中国的精英分子出去的，文化适应能力却那么差，在美国待了八年，还处处以为这是在中国。

在法庭上冲动的行为以及最后冒着生命危险翻墙去见家人的行为都是冲动极了，幼稚极了。

完全都不是一个成熟的男人应该有的表现。

这一点上他做的远不如他的妻子。

自己都打算在美国长期定居下去了还总以为自己是在中国，总拿中国的一套出来教训美国人，中国有一句古话叫“入乡随俗”难道反而忘记了嘛？

刮痧请不到唐人街的医生去法庭就不能请儿童福利院的人去唐人街嘛？

老人为什么在美国不适应？

如果有一个合适的工作，一个合适的圈子这个情况不就好很多了嘛？

比如在唐人街为老人找个工作找个老伴之类的.很多问题的出现只不过是大同没有办法找到合适的途径去解决罢了，这么一点困难，他就颓废的整日借酒消愁，还把工作都辞退了。

这是在黑我大中华出去的精英嘛?

Gua Sha Treatment is a film in which cultural differences can be seen in many aspects. The film focuses on a conflict. A Chinese grandpa gave his American grandson Daniel Gua Sha treatment when the boy felt uncomfortable. However, the scar left on Daniel was considered as the symbol of maltreatment in Children Act according to American laws. Daniel’s father Datong tried to convince Americans that Gua Sha was a kind of treatment with a long history in the Chinese medicine system but in vain. Datong was later considered as an abuser in American culture and deprived of the right to take care of his son.There’re other details which infer this inevitable tragedy in daily life. In the beginning of the film, Daniel beat the son of Datong’s boss. Datong immediately beat Daniel back and forced Daniel to apologize to the other boy. Beating children is a common way of education in a traditional Chinese family but not in American families. Besides, when Datong got into trouble, he asked his boss for help rather than a professional and specific lawyer. Datong’s behaviors were reflections of the Chinese traditional ideas, too. Chinese people tend to solve problems through the help of the familiars, while Americans prefer lawyers. Datong bristled with anger when his boss chose to tell the facts. He thought it was a betray and they couldn’t work together anymore. But in American cultures, businesses and private affairs are separated.The film ended up with the reunion of characters. Maybe the director believes that people can understand each other even they have different cultural backgrounds as long as they respect and accept the difference.